Thursday, December 12, 2013

The Pleasures of Reading, Viewing, and Listening in 2013, pt.6: Kiini Ibura Salaam

A Sampling of What I Enjoyed This Year
by Kiini Ibura Salaam



 Bottle Caps, Tin Cans, and Chainsaw Sculpture
El Anatsui at the Brooklyn Museum 
Color, scale, texture, and sweeping movement. What looks like luxurious folds of cloth is actually sculpture made from bottle caps—sculpture that can be rearranged and reformed by art handlers at every new exhibition.



“What I do is a combination of painting and sculpture.”—El Anatsui


Watershed of Images and the Scarred Beings Who Navigate Global Greed
The Windup Girl by Paolo Bacigalupi
Layered, unrelenting unraveling of a nation, of a cadre of characters who live at the margins in a dystopic future based in a reality we see unfolding today.


“If she were to scrub for a thousand years she would not be clean, but she is too tired to care and she has grown accustomed to scars she cannot scour away.”—Paolo Bacigalupi, The Windup Girl 


Organic Forms That Reclaim That Which Is Unwanted 
Ann Weber’s Cardboard Sculptures
Delightful discoveries of textured forms made of discarded cardboard that organically tower, bulge, balance, and hang.




“How far can I build this before it collapses?”—Ann Weber

 
Passion and Full Throated Voice
Alice Smith at Bowery Ballroom
A captivating performer, Alice Smith delivers full-bodied, incandescent, startling performances that are moving and emotionally rousing.



“Where are you going with your life? What kind of chances will you take?”—Alice Smith



Multi-stranded and Maddening, A Torrent of Non-traditional Fleet Imaginings
Toni Cade Bambara’s The Salt Eaters
Like downing a bracing double shot of something homegrown and bathtub-brewed, reading The Salt Eaters was a confusing, destabilizing experience that left me stimulated by Toni Cade Bambara’s bravura to write an entire novel with her own narrative structure, heedless of the reader’s needs.


“Are you sure, sweetheart, that you want to be well?… Just so’s you’re sure, sweetheart, and ready to be healed, cause wholeness is no trifling matter. A lot of weight when you’re well.”—Toni Cade Bambara, The Salt Eaters


Melancholy, Passion, and Meaning
Christian Scott at Weeksville
A young jazz artist who plays in the tradition while bringing the heart, fearlessness, and restlessness of the young to audiences through his horn.


“His jazz chops are impeccable, it’s coming up as part of the hip-hop generation that adds bite to his playing.”—The Village Voice’s Phillip Miynar on Christian Scott


Dead-ends, Senseless Death and Alienation
Fruitvale Station
This Sundance Grand Jury prizewinner is film I had not planned to see, did not think I could stomach, yet it became the tonic and the witnessing I needed after the verdict was rendered in the case against Trayvon Martin’s murderer. The bodies of dead black Americans continue to pile up with little or no justice, retribution, or consequence. It was and is absolutely necessary to witness to the people/spirits who live(d) in those bodies, the lives we snuff out with our laws, prejudices, and phobias.


“At the end of the day, when I first made this project, it was about humanity, and how we treat the people who we love the most, and the people who we don’t know.”—Ryan Coogler, director of Fruitvale 


Tar Baby Doll, Reconstructed Sculptures, a Torrent of Words
Tar Baby Jane: A Documentary About Vanessa German 
Refusing to let class, color, weight, insecurity, mental health challenges stifle the electric pulse of creativity that flies through her soul.


“What if these figures were not worthless?.. What if we lived a different way? What if we believed different things about each other?”—Vanessa German


Graphic, Gorgeous, and Deliciously Weird
Saga by Brian K. Vaughan, illustrated by Fiona Staples
The bounty hunter with a woman’s head and torso and spider legs, the murderous bounty hunter nursing a broken heart and on a mission to save a child sex slave, the planet that is an egg, the tree ship, the ghost nanny, a wildly imaginative ride with stunning illustrations and some new bizarre creation to ponder at every turn. This is not something to read, it’s something to inhale.


“What kind of assholes bring a kid into worlds like these?”—Brian K. Vaughn, from Saga, Volume 1


Raucous, Irreverent, and Random
 Seasons 1 and 2 of Misfits on Hulu
Out-of-control teens who suddenly have superpowers yet no privileges and no freedom in a dark world.


A Moment of Sweetness
Matthew Schuler’s rendition of “Hallelujah” on The Voice



 Kiini Ibura Salaam is a writer and painter from New Orleans, LA. Her work is rooted in eroticism, speculative events and worlds, and women's perspectives. Her fiction has been published in a number of anthologies, including Dark Matter, Mojo: Conjure Stories, and Dark Eros. Her essays have been published in Essence, Ms., and Colonize This. She is the author of the KIS.list, an e-column that explores the writing life. Her first collection of short stories, Ancient, Ancient, was published by Aqueduct Press in May 2012 and was a co-winner of the James Tiptree Jr. Award. She lives in Brooklyn.

The Pleasures of Reading, Viewing, and Listening in 2013, pt.5: Tansy Rayner Roberts

Reading, Watching & Listening in 2013
 by Tansy Rayner Roberts

I’ve had an odd sort of year, reading classics rather than science fiction or fantasy, catching up with and re-reading older works, and entirely failing to “keep up with the field.”  It’s been rather liberating in some ways, though I do feel somewhat guilty at not doing my usual job of finding the great SF and fantasy by women to recommend to listeners of the Galactic Suburbia podcast.

Next year, perhaps! I do feel somewhat accomplished for having read the entirety of A Song of Ice and Fire back in March-April, though, a marathon effort that I greatly enjoyed. Like the TV show, even where the books are problematic, it’s usually in such interesting ways that I can’t turn away.

One science fiction novel that did manage to worm its way past my defences was Ancillary Justice by Ann Leckie, an excellent story with a terrific pace to it - and considering that every other chapter is a flashback, that’s really saying something! I liked the emphasis on linguistic and gender perception differences between cultures, and how complicated they were even for an AI to parse them, especially one with fewer resources than she used to have. Very clever and promising - and I’ve been delighted to hear so very much buzz about this book over the year.

I also very much enjoyed Diana Peterfreund’s YA science fictional retelling of Jane Austen’s Persuasion, For Darkness Shows the Stars, which veered a lot further from the original than I expected but also contained a great deal of interesting SF worldbuilding in order to make the story work. I am looking forward to her gender-swapped Scarlet Pimpernel novel, Across the Windswept Sea, which is set in the same imagined future.

A new favourite novel which may have to be reread in many years to come is Elizabeth Gaskell’s Cranford. I’ve been meaning to attempt Gaskell’s novels for some time and was really delighted with this slender oddball volume about domesticity and the lives of gentlewomen from a previous generation to the author. I often feel that historical fiction and science fiction are a lot closer than anyone likes to admit, and there was something oddly SFnal about this work set in a village where almost all the men are simply absent, due to death, scandal or business elsewhere, and all is ruled by the women with their rituals of calling upon each other, their concern with ‘elegant economy’ and their complex communication methods when it comes to scandal, appropriate behaviour and even charity and kindness. If Cranford is science fiction, then it’s a gently feminist work of science fiction.

Also, there’s a cat who eats French lace.

In comics, I have read some marvellous “graphic novel” collections this year, including the first two volumes of the edgy and weird space opera Saga, which so deserved this year’s Hugo, and the second volumes each of the continuing Captain Marvel and Hawkeye series which are the best superhero comics right now. I also very much liked the first two volumes of Brian Michael Bendis’ All New X-Men with its crazy ‘original X-Men travel forward to meet their future selves’ premise, and the first few issues of the new Red Sonja title by Gail Simone.

Slightly related to my love of superhero comics is the clever and adorable collection of superhero poetry, Flying Higher, edited by Michael Damian Thomas and Shira Lipkin. Also, my favourite airplane novel this year was The She-Hulk Diaries by Marta Acosta - a super heroine reinterpreted as the centre of a chick lit novel, pretty much exactly what it says on the tin.

The Doctor Who 50th anniversary has loomed large in my head and my reading this year, not least because of my year-long blogging project to commemorate the history of the show. The books that have had the most lasting effect on me were Elisabeth Sladen’s Autobiography, which made for a great social history about theatre life as television production in the 60’s and 70’s, and Richard Marson’s biography of 1980’s producer John Nathan Turner which is far more sensitive and nuanced than you might expect of a book titled The Life and Scandalous Times of JN-T.

My favourite Doctor Who book of the year, though, was The Wife in Space by Neil Perryman, chronicling one fan’s lifelong relationship with Doctor Who as a counterpart to his relationship with his non-fan wife Sue, culminating in the epic experiment in which they watched every episode of the show in order (including the reconstructions and telesnaps/audio tracks of missing 60’s stories). I followed their blogging project from the beginning and adored Sue’s pragmatic, snarky and hilarious take on the show - especially her habit of not only dismissing sacred cows of Doctor Who fandom, but also of bringing a new perspective and appreciation to stories that are often underrated.

The book is just as funny as the blog, and provides context via a family history, and a discussion of the effect of the massively popular blogging experiment on their lives. The Wife in Space is a surprisingly intimate story of how love for a TV show can intersect with marriage and parenthood, for better and worse.

I’ve been listening to more audio plays and books than ever before, often at the expense of reading time. The BBC Radio 4 adaptation of Neil Gaiman’s Neverwhere was absolutely wonderful, conveying the clever ideas of the original story far better than either of its previous iterations as a TV show or a rather slight novel. The cast is spectacular, with James McAvoy, Natalie Dormer, Bernard Cribbins, Benedict Cumberbatch, Anthony Stewart Head… and Christopher Lee. Among others. Highly recommended.


I also enjoyed the audio adaptation of Oscar Wilde’s The Picture of Dorian Gray, from Big Finish, starring Alexander Vlahos. I’ve been following their Dorian Gray series for the last couple of years (based on the premise that he survived through the 20th Century, haunted by various ghosts from the past and occasionally fighting sinister monsters) so it was rather nice to add this dimension by hearing an interpretation of the original that includes “our” Dorian. Miles Richardson is also in this, playing an elegant and morally dubious character, which added some lovely dimension to the piece.

Speaking of Miles Richardson, I also wanted to draw attention to the Gallifrey audio series from Big Finish, which has had six seasons (of 3-4 plays each) produced over the last decade. Based somewhere between all the references to Gallifrey in the Classic era of Doctor Who, but before the Time War and New Who, this was intended to be a straight political drama based around the Time Lords. It also encompasses mystery and science fiction, but at it’s heart it is The West Wing/Yes Prime Minister in space.

The main cast consists of two former Doctor Who companions: Lalla Ward as the long-suffering and idealistic Lady President Romana, and Louise Jamieson as her bodyguard Leela, a former “savage” who had to adapt to the “civilised” ways of the Capitol when she married a Gallifreyan. Supporting these two amazing women (and how often do you see a science fiction series of any kind with two 50+ actresses playing the protagonists) are Miles Richardson as Braxiatel, Sean Carlsen as Narvin, and of course John Leeson as two different versions of K9.

From politics and diplomacy on Gallifrey to time viruses, the dangers of other dimensions and finally a battle between Time Lords and Daleks which shows the shape of the Time War to come, this is really good, solid radio science fiction, and the final series which was released only a couple of months ago brings it home powerfully. Along with many appearances by Mary Tamm as the first Romana (or a version thereof) and Lynda Bellingham as the Inquisitor, they made the bold choice to cast a Romana III in this final series and Juliet Landau puts in a fabulous performance as Lalla Ward’s future self. Absolutely worth tracking down, especially now that the series is complete. Early seasons are only available as CD rather than direct download, but they are priced very low.

Finally, I wanted to give a shout out for some Latin poetry. Yes, really! Clare Pollard has done a fantastic, very modern translation of Ovid’s Heroides (published as Ovid’s Heroines), a book which feels quite feminist in conception. The original poems are all framed as letters from a tragic woman of Greek myth addressing a man in her life (mostly husbands or lovers, some fathers, sons and objects of unrequited passion). By collecting these together and giving a voice to characters often rendered almost invisible, Ovid certainly demonstrates the appalling way in which women are indeed used as objects or made to suffer in the storytelling traditions which were so important in his day and continue to resonate now, thousands of years later. The downside, of course, is that it is also a book very much about woman-as-victim, which can be wearing if taken all at once. Pollard does a great job of capturing Ovid’s snark and humour, something many translators have struggled with over the centuries. She makes the poems and their protagonists feel terribly relevant, but the best part about the book is that she is really only using modern language to reveal what was already there.




Tansy Rayner Roberts is a co-host of Galactic Suburbia, and the author of the Creature Court trilogy. In 2013, she joined an all female Doctor Who podcast, Verity!, finished a 50 week blogging project about Doctor Who, and won the Hugo for Best Fan Writer. Her most recent release is Ink Black Magic, a comic fantasy novel about superheroes, pirates, and the ethics of magic. Check out Tansy's blog, or follow her on Twitter at @tansyrr

Wednesday, December 11, 2013

The Pleasures of Reading, Viewing, and Listening in 2013, pt.4: Sarah Tolmie

Enjoyed in 2013
by Sarah Tolmie

What did I read this year? Not nearly enough, looking back on it. This may well be true for many of you, but I tend to go through fairly distinct input and output phases. I was definitely in output mode. Moreover, I was conducting the final editing phase of The Stone Boatmen with Kath Wilham, which seemed to involve reading the whole novel about 97 times. I am sure she feels the same -- but it will be out in April! (PR moment there, apologies.) The upside to this was that other people's prose really came as a relief...

Starting with Sofia Samatar's A Stranger in Olondria, which I bought at WisCon. As she was there, I have a signed copy. I notice I am in the company of the reviewers at The Guardian in thinking this is a wonderful book. The texture of the prose is lush but never gooey; it is learned without being overbearing, original and intensely atmospheric. It conveys with great poignancy the position of an island community off the coast of a great empire, mapping on in various ways to the historical experience of Sri Lanka to India, or Taiwan to China, or any of several island cultures off the coast of Africa. It is not constrained by any of these, however, being a very fully imagined world of its own, and like many of my favorite speculative fictions, one overwhelmingly concerned with the act of writing and its implications. In this it reminds me of several later works by Le Guin like The Telling or the Voices/Powers/Gifts trilogy, or Lavinia. All of these books share a vision of the sheer heroism of poetry (in the capacious sense that Sidney meant it in his Defense of Poetry, meaning "works of imagination") that is not the least bit Hemingway.

On the Le Guin theme, I also bought her translation of Angela Gorodischer's Kalpa Imperial while at WisCon, and enjoyed it a lot. It was a pleasure to discover a whole new magic realist that I knew nothing about, and to get another sample of Le Guin's supremely unfussed style as a translator.

And while it was definitely not a relief, I did, in the end, enjoy Don Paterson's God's Gift to Women, proof that aggressively male modernist poetry is not dead. (This collection is ten years old, by the way. I am rarely up to date in poetry.) This was a project that involved much more cursing, eye-rolling and considerably more drinking, but it was rewarding. The guy has won every award there is, including the TS Eliot prize, and he really does have the chops. Not to mention that he gets to drop all kinds of funky Scots dialect words and you can't fault him for it, as he teaches at St Andrews, and hey, the drunk man has to keep looking at the thistle, right? Otherwise it will disappear.

Also really enjoyed Lesley Wheeler's The Receptionist and Other Tales, another WisCon find, which was hilarious. I read too many poets who are desperately unfunny, and it really gets old.

Movies, forget it. I think I watched Pacific Rim, and marveled again at how long the Crispin Crispianus speech from Henry V has lasted. Other than that, what was there? Remakes, comics, mumblecore. No, no and no. People are surely making intelligent movies somewhere, but I have not made the effort to seek them out. My loss, I am sure, but there you are. I continued to watch Dr Who, and now both my children are well into it (7 and 9). Both have asked for sonic screwdrivers for Christmas. Sherlock went on enjoyably, despite the sudden superstardom of Benedict Cumberbatch (bet he's the only one in the union, huh?). Elementary really grew on me, as I like both of the leads, each extraordinarily sexy in their way. And the British series Misfits was absolutely a scream, just beautiful: world's most gormless adolescent superheroes. I kept on with True Blood, more out of loyalty than anything. Maybe 2014 will be more of an outgoing year. But, all of the above I truly enjoyed, and you can't say fairer than that.


 Sarah Tolmie is an Associate Professor in the English department at the University of Waterloo, where she teaches medieval and renaissance literature, general British literature, and creative writing. She publishes on the bizarre late medieval visionary poem Piers Plowman and its relations to logic and language and has been developing a virtual reality translation of the text — what she calls a “wearable poem” that the reader walks into via a head-mounted display — called the Salvation Suit, since 2009. This technological experiment has led to several other research-creation projects, among them building an augmented reality angel out of a human dancer and a pair of dynamically-responsive virtual wings, and making a whispering gallery of voices saying “goodbye” with a Kinect, an interactive theatre piece about mourning.  Aqueduct Press will be releasing her debut novel, The Stone Boatmen, in April 2014.

The Pleasures of Reading, Viewing, and Listening in 2013, pt. 3: Ursula K. Le Guin

Wu Ming-Yi, a name to remember 
by Ursula K. Le Guin 

Harvill Secker in England has published, and Random House in NY will publish in May, a novel called The Man with the Compound Eyes -- a klunk of a title, unlikely to attract even sf readers.

The author, Wu Ming-Yi, is well known in his native Taiwan, but this is his first appearance in English. So the book’s starting out here with a lot of strikes against it, not least its defiance of genre, mixing near-future sf, anthropological fantasy, real tribalism, romance, adventure, realism, to arrive at a visionary apocalypse via tidal waves of garbage -- oh, the damn thing is indescribable! It’s informed, accurate, fiercely imaginative, and deeply adult in its understanding of how humans connect and misconnect with one another and other beings on our vulnerable Earth. It’s uneven, but some of the trouble may be in the translation, or in our unfamiliarity with the Taiwanese mindset – exhilaratingly different, on this evidence, from Mainland Chinese.



The book is beautiful, and daring, and though utterly unsentimental, full of human tenderness. I think a lot of people who read this blog will will find it to their liking. If you order it (not through amazondotcom, please?) from England, you will get a fine dust-jacket with whales, turtles, mountains, and a cat riding the styrofam tsunami.



Ursula K. Le Guin has written many, many books and won many, many awards. At 82, she makes awesomeness look wonderfully easy. Aqueduct Press published her collection of essays, Cheek by Jowl, in 2009 and 80! Memories and Reflections on Ursula K. Le Guin, a collection honoring her 80th birthday, edited by Karen Joy Fowler and Debbie Notkin. Last spring Aqueduct published Gheorghe Sasarman's Squaring the Circle: A Pseudotreatise of Urbogony, which she translated. She blogs at Book View Cafe.

Tuesday, December 10, 2013

The Pleasures of Reading, Viewing, and Listening in 2013, pt.2: Rachel Swirsky

The Beauty and Pleasures of YA 
by Rachel Swirsky

A few years ago, I started reading young adult fiction.

                I’d read some before, sure. But I started reading it seriously. And then ravenously.

                At first, I read because I wanted to write a young adult novel. I still do. However, I’ve also fallen in love.

                There’s a lot of argument about what can and can’t be done in young adult novels, and I’m pretty convinced with the people who say “you can do anything.” For every example you can think of, there are exceptions. For instance, people will argue that you can’t have young adult novels without a young adult protagonist, but that hasn’t stopped people from writing from the perspectives of, e.g., centuries-old inanimate objects. 

                I’m sure there’s an exception to this rule, too, but my friend Katie Sparrow once told me that young adult novels can do anything but ennui.

                That’s something I love about young adult novels, the energy of freshness and discovery. Reading YA, adopting the mindset of a young person who hasn’t been there and done that, I can enjoy the illusion of new encounters. Lone teen protagonists whining a lot as they search for meaning in a world they don’t understand? Okay! Epic plotlines so worn they have grooves? Yup! Ridiculous, angsty angel-winged warriors? You got it. They have feathers!  

                Of course, I still like my ennui. I’m a both/and kind of girl.

                For me, loving young adult novels is partially about loving teenagers. I don’t mean that I love all teenagers (oy) or that I loved being one (at least not all the time). But there are beautiful things about that developmental stage, and I think that young adult novels allow us to explore those. 

                Right now, I’m just absolutely in love with the process of adolescent awakening as children move from trying to become familiar with the wondrous basics of their immediate surroundings and senses, and are starting to come to terms with the deeper mysteries of their minds, and the even more strange discoveries of the complexity of the world.

                Young adult novels can form an interesting exploration of politics, for instance. Even something like THE HUNGER GAMES—which some have dismissed as pulp or fluff—really, at its heart, is chronicling the main character’s development of a social consciousness. In Shipbreaker and Drowning Cities, Paolo Bacigalupi broadens young people’s political awareness by showing them other young people. His protagonists are presented in science fictional scenarios, but their circumstances exist, horrifyingly, in the real world, and his books provide young people with a framework for learning about those realities.

                I love the rich engagement between young adults and their literature. I want to participate in that conversation, both as a reader who’s absorbing it, and as a writer who hopes to contribute new energy in the future.

A few truly wonderful young adult novels to consider:

One for Sorrow by Chris Barzak
The Summer Prince by Alaya Dawn Johnson
Please Ignore Vera Dietz by A. S. King
Liar by Justine Larbalestier

 
Rachel Swirsky is an award-winning literary, speculative fiction and fantasy writer, poet, and editor living in California. She was the founding editor of the PodCastle podcast and served as editor from 2008 to 2010. Her novella "The Lady Who Plucked Red Flowers Beneath the Queen’s Window" won the 2010 Nebula Award and was also a nominee in the Best Novella category for a 2011 Hugo Award and in the Novella category of the 2011 World Fantasy Award. Aqueduct published her short fiction and poetry collection, Through the Drowsy Dark, in 2010. Her new collection, How the World Became Quiet, has just been released by Subterranean Press. 


2011 Carl Brandon Society Awards Announced




The Carl Brandon Society has announced the winners of their awards for 2011: Tenea D. Johnson, for the Carl Brandon Parallax Award for her novel Smoketown, and Aqueduct's own Andrea Hairston, for the Carl Brandon Kindred Award for her novel Redwood and Wildfire. Congratulations to both of them!


The CBS has also announced an Honor list for 2011:

  • Zen Cho for "The House of Aunts"
  • Zen Cho for "èµ·ç‹®,行礼 (Rising Lion – The Lion Bows)"
  • Minister Faust for The Alchemists of Kush
  • Tenea D. Johnson for R/evolution
  • Yoon Ha Lee for "Ghostweight"
  • An Owomoyela “All That Touches the Air"
  • Nisi Shawl for "Black Betty"
  • JoSelle Vanderhooft for Steam-Powered: Lesbian Steampunk Stories
The 2011 Carl Brandon Awards will be presented at Arisia, January 17-20, 2014 in Boston, MA, USA. The members of the 2011 jury are Liz Henry, Zola Mumford, K. Joyce Tsai, and Maria Velazquez.

The Pleasures of Reading, Viewing, and Listening in 2013, pt. 1: Eleanor Arnason

Pleasures of 2013
by Eleanor Arnason

In recent years I’ve had trouble reading fiction. This is apparently something that can happen to writers as they age. Michael Swanwick has written a brief essay on the topic in his blog Flogging Babel. (http://floggingbabel.blogspot.com/2013/11/the-evolution-of-writers-reading.html) It’s worth reading and thinking about. Swanwick argues that a writer who stops reading will diminish his own work. I suspect this is true, and that I need to start reading more.

While I struggle with this problem, I have been watching movies and TV shows on DVD. My current passion is screen versions of the novels of Jane Austen. My partner has been reading Austen novels for the first time. I have been reading them for the umpteenth time. We have both been watching the TV series and movies. Right now I would say our favorites are the 1995 TV series version of Pride and Prejudice with Colin Firth and Jennifer Ehle, the 1995 movie of Persuasion with Amanda Root, the 1995 movie of Sense and Sensibility with Emma Thompson and Alan Rickman as an insanely romantic Colonel Brandon, and the 1996 TV movie of Emma with Kate Beckinsale. All have their problems. It isn’t easy to make a movie of an Austen novel. She is both dense and inward. Much of what happens is inside people, told either through the narrator’s description of their thoughts or through information directly given by the narrator. The scripts all try to make Austen more dramatic and romantic, less inward and restrained than her fiction actually is.

Sir Walter Scott wrote in his journal: “Also read again, and for the third time at least, Miss Austen’s very finely written novel of Pride and Prejudice. That young lady had a talent for describing the involvements and feelings and characters of ordinary life, which is to me the most wonderful I ever met with. The Big Bow-wow strain I can do myself like any now going; but the exquisite touch, which renders ordinary commonplace things and characters interesting, from the truth of the description and the sentiment, is denied to me. What a pity such a gifted creature died so early!”

I don’t know of Austen invented the bourgeois novel of character and psychology, but she certainly was an early practitioner of this art form. It doesn’t translate easily into drama. She is a fierce portrayer of greed and selfishness, well-known bourgeois traits; and she is funny as all heck.

In addition to Austen, I am continuing my fascination with Marvel superhero action movies. The one I’ve seen this year – Thor: The Dark World -- is not as good as the earlier origin movies: Iron Man, Thor and Captain America. There is far too much violence and noise. I felt shell-shocked coming out of the theater. I had the same response to The Avengers, which I also did not like.

At some point I am going to have to figure out the appeal of these flicks. A facebook friend of mine says they are the modern version of Great Depression musicals, distractions in a bleak, gray time.

In some ways they are the opposite of Austen: outward rather than inward, simple rather than Thor: The Dark World destroys large parts of Asgard and London, with small thought to the people killed. The most interesting characters in the Marvel movies are the inventor and capitalist Tony Stark, who clearly suffers from Antisocial Personality Disorder -- previously known as sociopathy, and Loki, who cannot be diagnosed with Antisocial Personality Disorder only because he is a god, and the diagnoses in the DSM do not apply to gods.
complex. Everything is solved by violence, and the violence usually has little in the way of consequences.

Nonetheless, I enjoy the movies. They are big, bright, fast-moving and often funny, though not in an Austen way. Robert Downey Jr. and Tom Hiddleston are both wonderful as people you really do not want to meet.

I wonder if it’s possible to argue that Austen begins the great era of bourgeois culture in the 19th and early 20th centuries and Marvel action flicks come at the end. We move from a fiction of personality and morality to Slam! Bang! Smash! Pow! The fine moral decisions that Austen describes turn into cartoonish epic battles and Might Makes Right.

This is not entirely accurate. As Spiderman (another Marvel superhero) tells us, “With great power comes great irresponsibility.”

Maybe it's better to argue that Marvel superheroes, coming after the rise and fall of classic 19th-century imperialism and the two great, terrible world wars of the 20th century, cannot focus on the nuances of everyday life. Something bigger and bolder is needed to deal with the late 20th and 21st centuries.


Eleanor Arnason has written several novels and many short stories. Her fourth novel, A Woman of the Iron People (2001), won the James Tiptree Jr. award for gender-bending science fiction and the Mythopoeic Society Award for adult fantasy. Her fifth novel, Ring of Swords (1995), won a Minnesota Book Award. Aqueduct Press published her collection Big Mama Stories this year, her Lydia Duluth adventure, Tomb of the Fathers, in 2010, and her collection, Ordinary People, in 2005.

Monday, December 9, 2013

Just how many people hanging out in Second Life are intelligence operatives, anyway?

Revelations about some of the NSA's mind-numbingly massive surveillance operations have been trickling out for months now. We've learned of cell phone tracking and collection of cellphone metadata, tracking of internet usage, of back doors inserted into programs holding confidential details, thus putting both commercial and private users at risk, not to mention the agency's avowal that its mission is to collect "everything" about everybody. Today's revelation, though, is a real head-scratcher, though I suppose it falls under the collect everything about everybody rubric: the NSA and other intelligence agencies has been spending who knows how much on infiltrating Xbox games and Second Life. Here's a bit of The Guardian's introduction to the revelation:
To the National Security Agency analyst writing a briefing to his superiors, the situation was clear: their current surveillance efforts were lacking something. The agency's impressive arsenal of cable taps and sophisticated hacking attacks was not enough. What it really needed was a horde of undercover Orcs.

That vision of spycraft sparked a concerted drive by the NSA and its UK sister agency GCHQ to infiltrate the massive communities playing online games, according to secret documents disclosed by whistleblower Edward Snowden.

The files were obtained by the Guardian and are being published on Monday in partnership with the New York Times and ProPublica.

The agencies, the documents show, have built mass-collection capabilities against the Xbox Live console network, which has more than 48 million players. Real-life agents have been deployed into virtual realms, from those Orc hordes in World of Warcraft to the human avatars of Second Life. There were attempts, too, to recruit potential informants from the games' tech-friendly users.

Online gaming is big business, attracting tens of millions of users worldwide who inhabit their digital worlds as make-believe characters, living and competing with the avatars of other players. What the intelligence agencies feared, however, was that among these clans of elves and goblins, terrorists were lurking.

The NSA document, written in 2008 and titled Exploiting Terrorist Use of Games & Virtual Environments, stressed the risk of leaving games communities under-monitored, describing them as a "target-rich communications network" where intelligence targets could "hide in plain sight".
The New York Times dryly noted:
The documents do not cite any counterterrorism successes from the effort, and former American intelligence officials, current and former gaming company employees and outside experts said in interviews that they knew of little evidence that terrorist groups viewed the games as havens to communicate and plot operations.

Games “are built and operated by companies looking to make money, so the players’ identity and activity is tracked,” said Peter W. Singer of the Brookings Institution, an author of “Cybersecurity and Cyberwar: What Everyone Needs to Know.” “For terror groups looking to keep their communications secret, there are far more effective and easier ways to do so than putting on a troll avatar.”

The surveillance, which also included Microsoft’s Xbox Live, could raise privacy concerns. It is not clear exactly how the agencies got access to gamers’ data or communications, how many players may have been monitored or whether Americans’ communications or activities were captured.

One American company, the maker of World of Warcraft, said that neither the N.S.A. nor its British counterpart, the Government Communications Headquarters, had gotten permission to gather intelligence in its game. Many players are Americans, who can be targeted for surveillance only with approval from the nation’s secret intelligence court. The spy agencies, though, face far fewer restrictions on collecting certain data or communications overseas.
The whole thing sounds like a scheme generated by employees who brainstormed a way to get paid for spending all the working hours playing games, don't you think? I mean, consider this passage in the  Guardian article:
One problem the paper's unnamed author and others in the agency faced in making their case – and avoiding suspicion that their goal was merely to play computer games at work without getting fired – was the difficulty of proving terrorists were even thinking about using games to communicate.

A 2007 invitation to a secret internal briefing noted "terrorists use online games – but perhaps not for their amusement. They are suspected of using them to communicate secretly and to transfer funds." But the agencies had no evidence to support their suspicions.

The same still seemed to hold true a year later, albeit with a measure of progress: games data that had been found in connection with internet protocol addresses, email addresses and similar information linked to terrorist groups.

"Al-Qaida terrorist target selectors and … have been found associated with Xbox Live, Second Life, World of Warcraft, and other GVEs [games and virtual environments]," the document notes. "Other targets include Chinese hackers, an Iranian nuclear scientist, Hizballah, and Hamas members."
However, that information was not enough to show terrorists are hiding out as pixels to discuss their next plot. Such data could merely mean someone else in an internet cafe was gaming, or a shared computer had previously been used to play games.
 Despite the lack of evidence that terrorists were using gaming for nefarious ends, it turns out that so many intelligence agencies were involved in infiltrating virtual environments that they actually had to hold meetings to reveal to one another which avatars belonged to infiltrators:
Meanwhile, the FBI, CIA, and the Defense Humint Service were all running human intelligence operations – undercover agents – within Second Life. In fact, so crowded were the virtual worlds with staff from the different agencies, that there was a need to try to "deconflict" their efforts – or, in other words, to make sure each agency wasn't just duplicating what the others were doing.
Eventually the NSA started worrying about the content of the games they were monitoring. (Isn't that always the way?)  Here's The Guardian: "Much like the pressure groups that worry about the effect of computer games on the minds of children, the NSA expressed concerns that games could be used to "reinforce prejudices and cultural stereotypes", noting that Hezbollah had produced a game called Special Forces 2." Turns out that the US Army has done the same thing. What's next, do you think? An NSA-generated game in which an NSA agent saves the world because the NSA has vacuumed up everything about everybody? Anyway, I figure this particular revelation can only help recruitment efforts at the NSA's Gaming Monitoring Division. Aren't unlimited "black" budgets a wonderful thing? Why bother with funding the things that make a population strong and thriving (good education for all, decent housing for all, medical care for all, healthful food for all) when you have so much money to blow that you can even afford to allocate some of it to looking for terrorists spending their off-hours playing games? How I love living in the future!